Brexit: Why did Britain's 1963 bid to join the EEC fail? | Our History

On the anniversary of Britain's referendum to leave the E.U, we look back at their first application to join the European Community in 1963. History in Action, broadcast in 1994, travels back in time using archive footage, radio broadcasts and a reconstructed debate to take a closer look at the tense negotiations. Subscribe to Our History: https://bit.ly/3v5mKBG

History when viewed with hindsight has an aura of inevitability it seems that what actually happened had to happen. This new series of educational programmes looks back to key events of the 20th century history without the benefit of hindsight, and examines the reaction to these events as they actually occurred. History In Action uses original material including newspaper headlines, photographs, archive films and even cartoons and music-hall songs to give a contemporary flavour to these important happenings. The object is to give the same feelings of immediacy, of today's news, that is generated by Granada's long-running current affairs series World in Action.

This film was first broadcast: 1994

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Start your journey of discovery with Our History, as we bring you eye-opening documentaries and educational programmes about our world history. We will guide you through awe-inspiring events from our past and help you get a deeper understanding of current affairs and global events that have shaped the world we live in today.

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#Brexit #Britain #Europe

Frequently Asked Questions

What Can We Learn From Abraham Lincoln?

Abraham Lincoln said, "I am slow to learn; very quick to forget."

He was aware of the importance to continue learning, knowing that there would be a time when he would have to relearn his old habits and adopt new ones.

The same holds true for our businesses. We will hit roadblocks sometimes, and get stuck in unproductive ruts no matter how many times we plan for our success.

It is vital to continually learn and develop new skills. Even after we achieve success, it is essential to continue learning.

Lincoln had the right attitude. He realized that he could not stop learning, even though he was able to be more productive in his business.

There are two types entrepreneur. Two types of entrepreneurs exist: those who stay busy and those with smart ideas.

Those who keep busy are focused on their business' growth. They work on marketing strategies, product development, customer service, and other daily tasks.

Although they may feel they have achieved something significant, they often miss the mark. Entrepreneurs who aren't focused on learning more won't see sustainable growth.

What sets successful entrepreneurs apart? The ability to adapt quickly to changing circumstances.

Entrepreneurs who are successful find ways to improve their products and services when they face challenges.

However, the average entrepreneur will stick with outdated methods that do not work. They refuse to change course until their business fails.

To be successful, you have to master both the art and skill of self-reflection.


Who said that history doesn't teach the ignorant?

Even though we want to live in an ideal universe where everyone learns through history, it's not possible to learn more from our failures.

You can't learn anything better than trying it wrong.

It is a mistake to not do it correctly the first time.

As long you keep making adjustments, you'll eventually see the reason you made them.

It is possible to discover that you could have done things better the first time around.

However, that doesn't mean you should not try again. It means you've learned a lot.

It may not always be possible to avoid making errors, but it is possible minimize them. This is the difference between success, and failure.

Acknowledging your mistakes is the first step. Take a step back and look at your mistakes objectively. Then ask yourself, "What did you learn?"

When you're open with yourself, you will see that your failures are not failures. They can be used as opportunities to grow.

And that's exactly what happened to Thomas Edison. He failed many other times before he inventing the lightbulb.

He didn't let his failures discourage him. Instead, he saw each failure as an opportunity for improvement in his design.

He developed the most well-known form of lighting we have today.

So, if you fail, don't get discouraged. Learn from your mistakes. Take advantage of them.

You can then try again.


What are three lessons you can learn about history?

There are plenty of examples from history that show how we can learn lessons from our mistakes. These lessons can be applied today to business problems and used as opportunities for growth.

We have learned from the past that there are always other ways to do things. There are always people out there who think outside the box and take risks that make them stand out.

History shows us that often, it's the underdogs and not the winners who win. Look back at the times when an underdog won.

Look back on the past and learn from it. Learn from others' failures and successes.

These lessons can help increase your success rates.


What lessons can be learned from history?

Three lessons can be learned from history. First, to truly change the world, one must take responsibility for it. Second, it is essential to prepare people for change if you want to transform their lives. Third, the future must be better if you want to change it.

The first lesson we can learn is that there are only two ways to transform the world. One is to fight to get it. The other is to create. It is easy to lose sight of why you started a fight in the first place when you are focusing on winning.

It is impossible to control how people respond to your ideas. However, it is possible to control how you present them. You'll inevitably fail if you set out to convince someone of something. But if you set out to inspire someone to action, you'll succeed.

People had an idea, and they decided to take action. This is how most great movements started. So whether you're creating change or reacting to it, the best way to make your mark is to follow these three rules: Be clear about what you want, be honest about where you come from, and be brave enough to go where nobody else has gone before.

The second lesson is the fact that we all have the power to make our lives better. We can either allow our lives to unfold, or choose to create them. We must choose the kind of life that we want. Do we expect someone else to let us live? Or are we ready to decide our fate?

I'd argue that we're living in a golden age right now. There is more opportunity than ever, which makes it exciting. It's exciting that people feel empowered and able to create their futures.

But it also creates a problem. It's difficult for people to know exactly what they want or how to achieve it.

Let's take, for example, the desire to purchase a house. You could sit back and hope someone gives you a gift certificate to Home Depot. You could also ask yourself "What would you love to do?" You can then search for a job where you can do it. Finally, apply for financing.

Now let's imagine you wanted to travel around the world. Now, you might wonder "Where would I like to go?" Next, you might start saving money, looking up countries online, and talking to your friends. Finally, you would book a plane.

Now, let's say you didn't know what you wanted. If that were the case, you would probably do one of those things anyway. This is how you can increase your chances for getting what you want. It may seem silly, but it works.

The third lesson is the ability to always improve the future, regardless of what happens next. It is very simple. Our choices impact who we become and who we are.

Use history to your advantage, to learn from other people's failures and successes and to keep improving until success.

You're already behind if you don't think you have anything to offer the world. You have to believe that you're better than you thought you were.

You can start by learning what you already know. Start small, and work your way up. Consider what you have learned over the course of your life. What have you failed at? What are you proud of? How did you overcome obstacles?

Remember that you are the only one who can limit your potential. No matter what anyone says, you can do anything you put your mind to.

In the words of Benjamin Franklin, "Nothing will work unless you do."


Statistics

  • According to the wiki Napoleon Bonaparte who led many successful battles during the French revolution and gained popularity as Little Corporal was 1.68 meters long, equivalent to 5 foot 6 inches, which is indeed the average height of men. (knownepal.net)
  • The classic clown stylings we know today have specific origins, according to u/Bodark34. (lifehacker.com)
  • But 95% of amputations were done with anesthesia, u/Thrabalen points out. (lifehacker.com)
  • During the Peak of her power, She commanded over 1,800 pirate ships and an estimated 80,000 men. (knownepal.net)
  • According to Smithsonian, mailing young James Beagle through postage cost only 15 cents, although his parents paid him $50. (medium.com)

External Links

nytimes.com

history.com

youtube.com

en.wikipedia.org

How To

How did propaganda become marketing success?

The term "propaganda", as it is commonly known, was first used by Max Weber (1879), a German sociologist. He derived the term from the Greek "praopagos", meaning "to speak well." The Latin verb "propere", meaning "nearby" and "at hand", and the noun “agogos,” meaning "speech, discourse," are the origins of the term. It is "a systematic effort towards shaping attitudes and behaviour."

In his book "Propaganda," published in 1928, British journalist George Orwell wrote: "To understand the true nature of propaganda, we must realize that it is not the intention to make people believe anything; it is only the intention to change their beliefs...It is intended to make them accept one thing rather than another."

Edward Bernays (1891 – 1995), who was Sigmund Freud’s nephew and psychoanalyst became well-known after he inventing the term "public relation" in 1922. He stated that the conscious and intelligent manipulations of the organized opinions and habits of the masses was an essential element of a democratic society. In 1927, he founded the public relations firm "Bernays & Company," where he worked until 1955.

Bernays devised a technique called "engineering consent" to influence public opinion using advertising and publicity campaigns. This was from the 1920s to 1950s. His techniques were later adopted and used by mass media organizations such as Time Magazine. CBS News. NBC News. Newsweek. After World War II, Bernays began working closely with corporations and government agencies to influence public opinion. Johnson & Johnson was among his clients.

The tobacco industry was his most important client. Philip Morris, who he assisted in developing a campaign against smoking was the most prominent client. The campaign resulted from the SurgeonGeneral recommending that smoking be banned indoors. The Cigarette Advertising Act was passed in 1965. It prohibited any advertisement for cigarettes in print media including newspapers and television.

He also offered advice to President Franklin D Roosevelt concerning how to deal the Great Depression's growing labor movement. Bernays advised that the president declare "war on Hunger" and use federal government's power in order to ensure adequate food. This strategy helped the president win reelection in 1936 by making the government appear benevolent and fatherly.

Bernays was a pioneer in the promotion of radio listening to increase sales. He introduced the concepts "branding" (and "advertising") in the 1930s. He believed that people could be influenced if they appealed to their emotions and made them feel special. His slogan "Have You Got What It Takes?" was one example. He encouraged women to get war bonds for their money in 1933.

In 1944, he established the political action committee "Young People for Freedom". The goal of this group was to encourage Americans between 18 and 30 years old to vote Republican. Dwight Eisenhower won in 1952, thanks to Bernays’ efforts.

Bernays persuaded CIA to set up a coup in Iran. Shah Reza Pahlevi took over Mohammad Mosaddegh's place. This was done to stop Mosaddegh's nationalization of Iranian oil fields. Bernays published articles after the coup praising the new regime for being "moderate", "progressive,"and "modernized".

Bernays has received numerous other awards throughout his professional career.